Fish need a change of scenery, too
Redesigning your aquarium in and out
DAVID MINK GATEHOUSE PLUS

Designing your fish's aquarium is easy, right? You get a little treasure chest, a skull and crossbones, and diving helmet that spurts bubbles and you drop them on a bed of aquarium rocks. Good enough.

Well, good enough, yes. If you want to be boring.

While these are the stereotypical accoutrements you would see in your everyday aquarium, they are by no means the only options you have available to you. In fact, one movement sweeping the aquarium world (larger world than you would think) is natural design. Fish lovers around the world are creating actual aquarium farms with growing plants. The goal is to create a "natural" environment for the tank's inhabitants. These planted aquariums are quickly becoming the new standard by which aquarium design is measured.

Planted aquariums are distinct because of their lush, foliage-rich environment. This underwater growth is achieved through the combined use of substrate, fertilizer, light and carbon dioxide. Not only does it provide more rich and natural look to your tank, but many contend the environment also encourages your fish to act in a more "natural" manner.

When designing a planted tank, you begin with your substrate. Although some underwater plants pull their nutrients from the water, many others rely on a good planting "soil" for their energy intake. Although expensive, a three-inch layer of good substrate like Flourite or Eco-Complete is a necessity when it comes to the base floor of your aquarium.

A layer of fine aquarium rocks or sand should be laid over the substrate. Fine rocks are better than larger ones as they add more stability to your plants.

Lighting is also paramount. The standard lighting that comes with aquariums is not enough to support plant growth. Aquariums need about three watts per gallon to support plants that need "moderate" light. Compact fluorescent lighting works well for this. Simply calculate the wattage you need and either construct your own lighting apparatus or purchase a lighting system through your local pet store or online.

Plants also need periodic fertilizer applications. Liquid fertilizers carry both micro and macro nutrients, but also promote algae growth and can even kill your fish if used improperly. Most plants won't need fertilization until about four weeks of age, but be sure to follow the bottle's instructions before administering.