Back in the day, we lived in small clans or tribes of loosely related people, usually ruled over by whoever had the strongest leadership skills, or the strongest arm. Everybody else grew, gathered or hunted food. About the only specialization in existence was perhaps the healer/spiritual leader. Other than the chief, most people were roughly equal in status.
Then along came the ability to grow and store grain, and thus settle in one spot more or less permanently. We were civilized. That meant we had to have a few more rules for getting along, and it meant we could specialize a little more. Not everybody needed to work full time obtaining and storing food. With more people freed up from food duty, some would become soldiers. Or poets. Or the idle rich.
We’ve done nothing since then but become increasingly dependent on our ever-more-complex society. Most of us would starve if suddenly we could no longer walk into the grocery store and buy food.
We would also freeze to death, since most of us are utterly dependant upon the utility company. I live close enough to the Illinois River that I suppose I could bring a couple of buckets of nice, muddy green water to my house each day, but I doubt we’d survive long drinking that.
We are specialized to an astonishing degree. Many people do jobs that could not have been imagined a generation ago.
Time was, even the guy who made barrels still had a good understanding of the job of the guy who raised pigs. The guy who raised pigs had a decent idea of how the blacksmith made horseshoes.
Imagine asking a computer programmer, a modern farmer with a GPS-enabled tractor, an electrician, a web designer and a welder to step into each other’s jobs.
I have no earthly idea how a laptop computer is made or programmed, even though I am on one for 12 hours a day. We’re surrounded by more mysteries than ever.
And more rules. And more taxes.
Those rules and taxes may seem like a loss of freedom, but some of them are necessary, ultimately, to everyone else’s freedom.
This level of civilization we’ve decided to build up requires law enforcement to keep the order. If you want to compare the level of taxes people pay now with the tiny amount paid generations ago, you might want to reflect how many more government services we have now, many of them necessary only because of the increasing level of complexity in our society, and thus the increasing need to oversee all the things that hold the system together, from roads to meat inspection to public safety to the sort of safety net welfare programs that weren’t necessary earlier in history.